Dunning-Kruger Effect

People with low ability in a domain often overestimate their competence, while those with high ability may underestimate their expertise.

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Usability & Interaction

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Encourages learning and self-assessment

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Can over-inflate confidence without proper guidance

Best paired with

Progressive Disclosure

Gradual learning helps users recognise knowledge gaps.

Pre-exposure to expert perspectives improves judgment.

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Learning Modules

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Collaboration

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Errors

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Trust & Confidence

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Decision-Making

The Study

Dunning-Kruger Effect explores how individuals' decisions and perceptions are influenced by underlying psychological mechanisms. Research on this bias has revealed its role in everyday behaviours and decision-making processes. Studies often involve experiments where participants' reactions are observed to determine the bias's impact. This understanding helps designers and marketers craft more effective, user-centric experiences.

The result

The results indicate that dunning-kruger effect significantly influences decision-making by altering perception, recall, or emotional response. These findings provide valuable insights into cognitive behaviour, informing design strategies.

Actionable tips

1.

Provide feedback to align confidence with competence.

2.

Offer learning resources for skill development.

3.

Encourage humility and continuous improvement.

Ingredient pairings

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Best pairings

Progressive Disclosure

Encourages self-awareness while maintaining confidence.

Priming

Facilitates more realistic self-assessment without discouragement.

Nudge

Promotes humility while reinforcing motivation.

Feedback Loop

Supports continuous learning while minimising overconfidence.

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Worst pairings

Scarcity Principle

Leverages overconfidence to push impulsive choices.

Fear of Missing Out (FOMO)

Encourages reckless decision-making driven by false confidence.

Confirmation Bias

Strengthens ignorance rather than fostering growth.

Authority Bias

Reinforces biased expertise perceptions rather than balanced evaluation.

Extra impact of other biases

Encourages self-improvement through iterative feedback cycles.

Self-Serving Bias

Reinforces confidence in decision-making while providing learning opportunities.

Cocktails with this ingredient

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