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Decision MakingMember ingredient
Endowment Effect
Owners may require more to give up an item than non-owners would pay to acquire the same item.
Public evidence overview
One checked source, with its limits.
This preview is not the complete evidence base. Use it as a question to investigate in your own product, not as a prediction of what an individual will do.
Checked source previewAcademic paper
A new meta-analysis on the WTP/WTA disparity
Research-assisted source review
- What it supports
- Gaps were smaller for ordinary private goods, student samples, experienced participants, repeated trials, incentive-compatible procedures and more recent studies. Public and non-market goods produced larger disparities on average.
- Where it may not transfer
- The analysis combines heterogeneous goods, populations and elicitation methods and focuses on group mean valuations. It does not identify a single psychological mechanism or estimate subscription churn, digital attachment or product usability.
See how sources and limitations are checked in our editorial method.
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Practitioner includes the complete checked source set, study context and practical takeaways for this ingredient. The public overview above remains available without upgrading.